Windows 10/11 Error Code 0xC0000098: How to Fix It

Medium 30 minutes to 1 hour Critical Severity Verified June 2026
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Error Code
0xC0000098
Brand
Reddit Validated
Product Type
operating_system
Severity
Critical
DIY Difficulty
Medium
Estimated Fix Time
30 minutes to 1 hour
Error 0xC0000098 appears when Windows cannot find or read the boot configuration data (BCD) or the system registry hive (SYSTEM) is missing or corrupt. This critical boot error prevents Windows from starting, often due to a failed update, disk error, or accidental deletion. The fixes below will help you repair the boot files and restore normal startup.
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Tools You'll Need

How to Fix Error Code 0xC0000098

  1. Boot from Windows Installation Media

    If you don't have installation media, you can create one using another working PC with Microsoft's Media Creation Tool. Back up any important data if possible before proceeding.

  2. Access Command Prompt from Recovery Environment

  3. Repair Boot Configuration Data (BCD)

    If you get an 'access denied' error when running bootrec /fixboot, skip to Step 4.

  4. Alternative BCD Rebuild Using bcdedit

    If these steps don't work, proceed to the next step to restore the SYSTEM registry hive.

  5. Restore the SYSTEM Registry Hive from Backup

    If the RegBack folder is empty or the copy fails, this method won't work. Proceed to the next step.

  6. Run System File Checker (SFC) and DISM

    These commands require a Windows image source. If DISM cannot find the source, you may need to mount an installation ISO.

  7. Reset Windows Using Installation Media

    This step will reinstall Windows, so you may lose installed apps and settings. Back up data if possible.

Parts You May Need

Windows installation USB
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Windows installation USB
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Windows installation USB
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Windows installation USB
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When to Call a Professional

If none of the above steps work, the hard drive may be failing or physically damaged. A professional technician can run diagnostics, recover data, or replace the drive. Also call a pro if you're uncomfortable using the command line or don't have installation media.

Frequently Asked Questions

What causes error 0xC0000098 in Windows?
This error is caused by a missing or corrupt boot configuration data (BCD) file or a damaged SYSTEM registry hive (C:\Windows\System32\config\SYSTEM). Common causes include improper shutdowns, failed Windows updates, disk errors, or accidental deletion of system files.
Can I fix error 0xC0000098 without a Windows installation USB?
If you don't have installation media, you can try using the built-in Windows Recovery Environment (WinRE) if it's accessible. Restart your PC and press F11 (or the key specific to your manufacturer) to enter recovery. However, if WinRE is also missing, you'll need a bootable USB.
Will I lose my files when fixing error 0xC0000098?
The repair steps like bootrec and SFC do not delete your files. However, if you choose 'Reset this PC' and select 'Remove everything', your files will be deleted. Always back up your data if possible before attempting major repairs.
How do I create a Windows installation USB?
On a working PC, download the Media Creation Tool from Microsoft's website. Run the tool, select 'Create installation media', choose your language and edition, then select 'USB flash drive'. Insert a blank USB (8GB minimum) and follow the prompts. This will create a bootable USB.
Is error code 0xC0000098 a sign of a failing hard drive?
It can be. While the error is often software-related, repeated BCD corruption can indicate a failing drive. If repairs fail or the error recurs frequently, run a hard drive diagnostic (e.g., CHKDSK /r from Command Prompt) or test the drive with manufacturer tools.

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